Mune ino yechinyakare off-mwaka wekutakura, nzvimbo dzekutakura dzakasimba, mitengo yekutakura inokwira, uye yakasimba off-mwaka ave mazwi akakosha pamusika.Dhata rakaburitswa neShanghai Shipping Exchange rinoratidza kuti kubva mukupera kwaKurume 2024 kusvika parizvino, mutengo wekutakura kubva kuShanghai Port kuenda kumusika wechiteshi chengarava muSouth America wakawedzera ne95.88%, uye mutengo wekutakura kubva kuShanghai Port kuenda kuchiteshi chekutanga. musika muEurope wakawedzera ne43.88%.
Vemaindasitiri vanoongorora kuti zvinhu zvakaita sekuvandudzwa kwemusika kudiwa muEurope neUnited States uye kunetsana kwenguva refu muGungwa Dzvuku ndizvo zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuwedzera kwemitengo yekutakura zvinhu.Nekusvika kwechinyakare chepamusoro mwaka wekutakura, mitengo yekutakura midziyo inogona kuramba ichikwira mune ramangwana.
Mari yekutumira yeEurope yakawedzera neinopfuura 20% muvhiki
Kubva kutanga kwaApril 2024, Shanghai Export Container Comprehensive Freight Index yakaburitswa neShanghai Shipping Exchange yakaramba ichikwira.Data yakaburitswa muna Chivabvu 10 yakaratidza kuti Shanghai's yakazara ekunze kwemidziyo yekutakura chiyero indekisi yaive 2305.79 mapoinzi, kuwedzera kwe18,8% kubva svondo rapfuura, kuwedzera kwe33.21% kubva 1730.98 mapoinzi musi wa29 Kurume, uye kuwedzera kwe33.21% kubva pa1730.98 mapoinzi. Kurume 29, yaive yakakwira kupfuura iyo munaNovember 2023 isati yatanga dambudziko reGungwa Dzvuku.Kuwedzera kwe132.16%.
Pakati pavo, nzira dzekuSouth America neEurope dzakaona kuwedzera kwakanyanya.Mutengo wekutakura zvinhu (kutakura zvinhu mugungwa uye zvemugungwa) zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuShanghai Port kuenda kumusika wekuSouth America weUS$5,461/TEU (mudziyo une kureba kwemafiti makumi maviri, inozivikanwawo seTEU), kuwedzera kwe18.1% kubva panguva yapfuura. uye kuwedzera kwe95.88% kubva pakupera kwaKurume.Mari yekutakura (yekutakura uye yekuwedzera) inotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuShanghai Port kuenda kumusika weEuropean chiteshi iUS $ 2,869/TEU, kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwe24.7% kubva svondo rapfuura, kuwedzera kwe43.88% kubva pakupera kwaKurume, uye kuwedzera. ye305.8% kubva munaNovember 2023.
Iye anoona nezve bhizinesi rekutumira yepasi rose dhijitari Logistics sevhisi sevhisi Yunqunar Logistics Technology Group (inozonzi "Yunqunar") akadaro muhurukuro nevatori venhau kuti kutanga kubva mukupera kwaKubvumbi gore rino, zvinogona kunzwika kuti kutumira kuLatin. America, Europe, North America, uye Freight mitengo yemigwagwa muMiddle East, India nePakistan yakawedzera, uye kuwedzera kwave kuchinyanya kutaurwa muna Chivabvu.
Dhata yakaburitswa naDrewry, dhipatimendi rekutsvaga nekupa mazano, muna Chivabvu 10 yakaratidzawo kuti Drewry World Container Index (WCI) yakakwira kusvika pamadhora mazana matatu nemazana mana nemakumi mashanu nepfumbamwe/FEU (mudziyo une hurefu hwemamita makumi mana) svondo rino (kubva muna Chivabvu 9), uyo inoenderana ne2022 Yakawedzera ne81% zvichienzaniswa nenguva yakafanana gore rapfuura uye yaive 122% yakakwira kupfuura avhareji yeUS$1,420/FEU denda risati rasvika muna 2019.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, makambani mazhinji ekutumira, anosanganisira Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC), Maersk, CMA CGM, uye Hapag-Lloyd, vakazivisa kuwedzera kwemitengo.Tora CMA CGM semuenzaniso.Mukupera kwaKubvumbi, CMA CGM yakazivisa kuti kutanga kubva Chivabvu 15, yaizogadzirisa mitsva yeFAK (Freight All Kinds) nzira yeAsia-Northern Europe nzira kuenda kuUS$2,700/TEU uye US$5,000/FEU.Kare, vakanga vawedzera neUS$500/TEU neUS$1,000/FEU;musi waChivabvu 10, CMA CGM yakazivisa kuti kutanga musi waChikumi 1, yaizowedzera muyero weFAK wemutoro unotakurwa kubva kuAsia kuenda kuNordic ports.Iyo chiyero chitsva chakakwira seUS $ 6,000/FEU.Zvakare Yakawedzera ne $ 1,000 / FEU.
Ke Wensheng, CEO wehofori yengarava yepasi rose yeMaersk, akataura mumusangano wapfuura kuti huwandu hwekutakura mumigwagwa yeMaersk muEurope hwawedzera ne9%, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuda kwakasimba kubva kune vanopinda kunze kwenyika vekuEurope kuti vadzose zvigadzirwa.Nekudaro, dambudziko renzvimbo yakaoma rakamukawo, uye vatakuri vazhinji vanofanirwa kubhadhara mitengo yepamusoro yekutakura kuitira kudzivirira kunonoka kwekutakura.
Nepo mitengo yekutumira iri kukwira, China-Europe yekutakura zvitima mitengo iri kukwirawo.Mumwe anotakura zvinhu anoona nezvezvitima zveChina-Europe akaudza vatori venhau kuti kudiwa kwezvitima zveChina neEurope kwawedzera zvakanyanya, uye mitengo yekutakura kune mamwe mitsetse yawedzera neUS$200-300, uye ingangoramba ichikwira ramangwana."Mutengo wekutakura zvinhu mugungwa wakakwira, uye nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu uye kuenderana nenguva hazvigone kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi, zvichiita kuti zvimwe zvinhu zviendeswe kune njanji.Nekudaro, huwandu hwekutakura njanji hushoma, uye kudiwa kwenzvimbo yekufambisa kwawedzera zvakanyanya munguva pfupi, izvo zvichakanganisa mitengo yekutakura.
Dambudziko rekushomeka kweContainer rinodzoka
“Ingave yekutakura kana njanji, kune kushomeka kwemacontainer.Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, hazvibviri kuodha mabhokisi.Mutengo wekurenda macontainer pamusika wakakura pane kuwedzera kwemitengo yekutakura zvinhu.Mumwe munhu ari muindasitiri yemidziyo muGuangdong akaudza vatori venhau.
Semuenzaniso, akati mutengo wekushandisa 40HQ (40-foot-high container) munzira yeChina-Europe yaive US$500-600 gore rapfuura, iyo yakakwira kusvika paUS$1 000-1 200 muna Ndira gore rino.Yakwira kusvika paUS$1,500, uye yadarika US$2 000 kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Mumwe anotakura zvinhu paShanghai Port akaudzawo vatori venhau kuti mamwe mayadhi emhiri kwemakungwa ave kuzara nemacontainer, uye kuChina kwave kushomeka kwakanyanya.Mutengo wemabhokisi asina chinhu muShanghai neDuisburg, Germany, wakwira kubva paUS$1,450 muna Kurume kuenda paUS$1,900 iripo.
Munhu anotarisira bhizinesi rekufambisa rataurwa pamusoro peYunqunar akataura kuti chikonzero chakakosha chekuwedzera kwemari yekurenda midziyo ndeyekuti nekuda kwekunetsana muGungwa Dzvuku, nhamba huru yevaridzi vezvikepe vakatsaukira kuCape of Good Hope, iyo. yakakonzera kuti chigadziko chemugaba chive nemavhiki maviri-3 kureba kupfuura nguva yakajairika, zvichikonzera midziyo isina chinhu.Liquidity inononoka.
Mamiriro emusika wekutumira epasi rose (kutanga kusvika pakati paChivabvu) akaburitswa neDexun Logistics muna Chivabvu 9 akataura kuti mushure mezororo reMay Day, mamiriro ezvekutakura emidziyo haana kunyatsoita zvakanaka.Kune madhigirii akasiyana ekushomeka kwemidziyo, kunyanya midziyo mikuru uye yakareba, uye mamwe makambani ekutumira anoramba achisimbisa kutonga pamusoro pekushandiswa kwemidziyo munzira dzeLatin America.Midziyo mitsva yakagadzirwa kuChina yakarongerwa June kupera kwaChikumi.
Muna 2021, yakakanganisika nedenda reCCIDID-19, musika wekutengeserana wekunze "wakatanga wadzikira uchibva wasimuka", uye cheni yezvekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika yakasangana nedzimwe nyika dzisingatarisirwi.Kudzoka kuyerera kwemidziyo yakapararira pasirese hakuna kutsetseka, uye kugovaniswa kwepasi rose kwemidziyo hakuna kuenzana zvakanyanya.Nhamba huru yemidziyo isina chinhu yakadzoserwa muUnited States, Europe, Australia nedzimwe nzvimbo, uye nyika yangu iri kushomeka kwemidziyo yekunze.Naizvozvo, makambani emidziyo azere neodha uye ane yakazara kugadzira kugona.Yakanga isiri kusvika pakupera kwa2021 apo kushomeka kwemabhokisi kwakadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma.
Nekuvandudzwa kwekupihwa kwemidziyo uye kudzoreredzwa kwekushanda zvakanaka mumusika wepasirese wekutakura, pakave nekusarira shure kwemidziyo isina chinhu mumusika wepamba kubva 2022 kusvika 2023, kusvika pave nekushomeka kwemidziyo zvakare gore rino.
Mitengo yekutakura zvinhu inogona kuramba ichikwira
Nezvezvikonzero zvekukwira kwakanyanya kwemitengo yekutakura, munhu anotarisira bhizinesi rekutumira ataurwa pamusoro peYQN akaongorora kune vatori venhau kuti kutanga, United States yakagumisa danho rekubvisa uye yakapinda muchikamu chekudzorera.Huwandu hwehuwandu hwekufambisa hwenzira yeTrans-Pacific hwakapora zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvawedzera kukwira kweFreight.Chechipiri, kuitira kudzivirira kugadziridzwa kwemitero neUnited States, makambani anoenda kumusika weUS akatora mukana wemusika weLatin America, kusanganisira indasitiri yekugadzira mota, indasitiri yezvivakwa, nezvimwewo, uye vakaendesa mitsara yavo yekugadzira kuLatin America. , zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekudiwa kwenzira dzeLatin America.Makambani mazhinji ekutumira Nzira kuenda kuMexico akawedzerwa kuti asangane nekuwedzera kudiwa.Chechitatu, mamiriro ezvinhu muGungwa Dzvuku akakonzera kushomeka kwezviwanikwa mumigwagwa yeEurope.Kubva munzvimbo dzekutumira kuenda kumidziyo isina chinhu, mitengo yekutakura yeEurope iri kuwedzerawo.Chechina, mwaka wepamusoro wekutengeserana kwechinyakare kwepasirese kwakapfuura kupfuura makore apfuura.Kazhinji June gore rega rega anopinda mhiri kwemakungwa mwaka wekutengesa zhizha, uye mitengo yekutakura inokwira zvinoenderana.Mitengo yegore rino yekutakura zvinhu yakawedzera mwedzi mumwe chete kupfuura makore apfuura, izvo zvinoreva kuti mwaka wekutengesa wegore rino wasvika nekukurumidza.
Zheshang Securities yakaburitsa gwaro rekutsvagisa muna Chivabvu 11 rakanzi "Maitiro ekuona ichangoburwa inopesana nemitengo yekutakura?"Yakataura kuti kukakavara kwenguva refu muGungwa Dzvuku kwakakonzera kusawirirana kwekutengesa.Kune rumwe rutivi, kutsauka kwengarava kwakakonzera kuwedzera kwemadaro ekufambisa., Nekune rimwe divi, kudzikira kwekuchinja kwezvikepe kwakonzera kudhonzwa kwemidziyo pazviteshi zvezvikepe, zvichiwedzera kusawirirana kwekutakura zvinhu.Pamusoro pezvo, iyo yekuda-parutivi muganho iri kuvandudzwa, data rehupfumi muEurope neUnited States riri kuvandudza zvishoma, uye pamwe netarisiro yekukwira kwemitengo yekutakura mumwaka wepamusoro, varidzi vemitoro vari kurongedza kumberi.Uyezve, mutsara weUnited States wakapinda munguva yakaoma yekusaina zvibvumirano zvenguva refu, uye makambani ekufambisa ane kurudziro yekuwedzera mitengo.
Panguva imwecheteyo, mushumo wekutsvagisa unotenda kuti iyo yakakwira yekumisikidza maitiro uye mibatanidzwa yeindasitiri muindasitiri yekutakura midziyo yakaumba simba rekutyaira kuti rikwidze mitengo.Zheshang Securities yakati makambani ekunze ekutengesa makontini ane huwandu hwakanyanya hwekusungwa.Kubva muna Chivabvu 10, 2024, makambani gumi epamusoro emidziyo yemidziyo akaverengera 84.2% yehuwandu hwekutakura.Pamusoro pezvo, mibatanidzwa yemaindasitiri uye kushandira pamwe kwakaumbwa pakati pemakambani.Kune rimwe divi, mukati memamiriro ekunze ekupa uye kudiwa kwenzvimbo, zvinobatsira kudzikisira makwikwi emitengo yakaipa nekumisa kufamba kwechikepe uye kudzora huwandu hwekutakura.Kune rumwe rutivi, mumamiriro ekugadzirisa hukama hwekugovera uye kudiwa, zvinotarisirwa kuwana mitoro yepamusoro yekutakura kuburikidza nekuwedzera kwemutengo wekubatana.
Kubva muna Mbudzi 2023, mauto eYemen eHouthi akadzokorora kurwisa ngarava muGungwa Dzvuku uye padyo nemvura.Hofori zhinji dzinotakura ngarava kupota nyika hadzina zvokuita kunze kwokungomisa kufamba kwengarava dzadzo dzemabhokisi muGungwa Dzvuku nemvura dziri pedyo naro ndokuchinja nzira dzadzo dzokutenderera Cape of Good Hope muAfrica.Gore rino, mamiriro ezvinhu muGungwa Dzvuku achiri kuwedzera, uye mitsipa yekutumira yakavharwa, kunyanya Asia-Europe yekugovera ketani, iyo yakakanganiswa zvikuru.
Nezve remangwana remusika wekutakura midziyo, Dexun Logistics yakati tichitarisa mamiriro ezvinhu aripo, mitengo yekutakura icharamba yakasimba munguva pfupi iri kutevera, uye makambani ekutakura zvinhu ari kutoronga kutenderera kutsva kwekuwedzera kwemitengo.
“Mitemo yekutakurwa kwemakontena icharamba ichikwira mune remangwana.Kutanga, mwaka wepamusoro wepamusoro wekutengesa mhiri kwemakungwa uchiri kuenderera mberi, uye maOlympics achaitwa muEurope muna Chikunguru gore rino, izvo zvinogona kukwidza mitengo yekutakura;chechipiri, destocking muEurope uye United States zvakatopera, uye kutengeswa kwepamba muUnited States Iri zvakare inogara ichisimudza tarisiro yayo yekusimudzira indasitiri yezvekutengesa yenyika.Nekuda kwekuwedzera kuri kuda uye kusimba kwekutakura, mitengo yekutakura inotarisirwa kuramba ichikwira munguva pfupi, "akadaro Yunqunar sosi yataurwa pamusoro.
Nguva yekutumira: May-17-2024
